3^rd International Conference on Polymer Science and Engineering(10 Plenary Forums-1Event) October 2-3 2017 Chicago, USA

Biography:

Dr. Ebru BaÅŸaran has completed her PhD study with the thesis entitled “Formulation and In Vitro - In Vivo Evaluation of Cyclosporine A Incorporated Solid Lipid Nanoparticles, Microemulsion and Polymeric Nanoparticles Aiming Ocular Application” at the Anadolu University Faculty of Pharmacy at Pharmaceutical Technology Department in 2007. The doctorate study was awarded by NAGAI Foundation as the “Best Research Work” at FAPA meeting in 2008. She focused on formulation and characterization of nano-microparticulate delivery systems for ocular application. Currently Dr. BaÅŸaran is working as an Assoc. Prof. at the Anadolu University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Technology since 2017.

Abstract:

Voriconazole (VOR) is a triazole antifungal derived from fluconazole is very active against various fungi including those resistant to fluconazole.1 Treatment of ocular fungal infections remains problematic because of the relatively short list of available therapeutic agents.2 Limited ocular bioavailability of active agents due to the characteristic properties of the eye also limits the efficacy of the treatment. Therefore main approaches for the enhancement of ocular bioavailability of the formulations applied are enhancement of the residence time of the active material at the site of action or enhancement of the ocular penetration of the primary penetration site.

MATERIALS and METHODS

Voriconazole was kindly gifted by Deva Holding (Çerkezköy, TekirdaÄŸ), Eudragit® RS 100 was purchased from Röhm Pharma Polymers (Darmstadt, Germany) and methanol was from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). All other chemicals used were analytical grade.

FORMULATION OF POLYMERIC NANOPARTICLES

Spray drying method (Büchi B-190, BÜCHI Labortechnik AG, Switzerland) was used for the preparation of polymer based nanoparticles.4 Compositions of the selected formulations were given in Table 1.

CHARACTERIZATION STUDIES OF POLYMERIC NANOPARTICLES

SEM, particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential analyses were performed. In order to evaluate changes of the polymeric structure DSC analyses were also performed. A validated HPLC method was used for the determination of incorporated PTX.

RESULTS and DISCUSSION

Morphological analyses showed that particles are round in shape (Figure 1).

Particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential analyses with incorporated VOR amount of the formulations were given in Table 2.

Analyses results revealed that the particle sizes were in the nanometer range with homogenous size distribution (Table 2) with no changes in the polymeric structure (Fig. 2).

CONCLUSION

As a conclusion VOR incorporated polymeric nanoparticles were successfully formulated by spray drying method aiming efficient treatment of ocular fungal infections.  In vitro and in vivo efficacy of the formulations will be studied as the second part of the study.

                                   

Figure: SEM image of polymeric spheres          Figure: DSC analyses of the formulations prepared

Biography:

M V N Ambika Prasad has received MSc degree in Physics from Osmania University, Hyderabad and PhD in Physics from Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), New Delhi. He is currently a Professor of Physics at Gulbarga University, Gulbarga. His research interest includes conducting polymer and nanocomposites, understanding the electrical and thermal behaviour of the materials at nano size and sensing behaviors of various conducting polymers exposed to gas and humidity.

 

Abstract:

The  Polyaniline (PANI) has emerged as one of the most promising conducting polymers, because of its wide spread applications and due to the combination of unique properties like simple preparation and doping procedure, good environmental stability, relatively high conductivity and low cost. The inorganic–organic composites containing polymer as the organic base and Gallium  oxide, Vanadium Pentoxide and  Indium oxide as inorganic part have been used for studying its gas sensing. These composites have been synthesized by insitu deposition technique by placing fine grade Ga₂O₃, In₂O₃ and V₂O₅  in polymerization mixture of aniline. The results are well supported by FTIR spectra, SEM, XRD and Conductivity measurements. High temperature, conductivity measurements show thermal activated behavior. It is observed that electrical resistance increases with an increase in the temperature. In case of PANI-V₂O₅,PANI-In₂O₃ and PANI-Ga₂O₃ composites both the PANI sensing mechanism of swelling and sensing mechanism of surface charge are responsible for variation of resistance within the sensing material. Therefore, it is observed that PANI-V₂O₅,PANI-In₂O₃ and PANI-Ga₂O₃ composites to be a competent sensing material for LPG  and this may be due to formation of surface charge and presence of capillary pores. Similar behavior for the Polymer / Nano metal oxide composites such has Polyaniline-Tungsten oxide, Polyaniline-Cobalt oxide and Polyaniline- Cerium oxide have been observed  for  its humidity and Gas sensing. Similarly,conducting polymers have found to have applications in Biology in Bio sensors,anti bacterial  action, pigeon pea plant growth, microwave absorbers etc.  

Biography:

Yi Luo received his PhD degree in Material Chemistry from Tohoku University in 2004, supervised by Prof. Akira Miyamoto. He has his expertise in computational organometallic chemistry. In the field of computational chemistry, his research interests include rare-earth metal catalyzed polymerizations. He has also contributed good works on intermetallic cooperation towards activation of chemical bond, including C=C double bond. He is active in his scientific research and often collaborates with experimentalists to discover new chemistry together. The effect of THF molecule on olefin polymerization catalyzed by rare earth metal complexes, which was a long-term concern in this field, have been clarified in his multiple research works. It has been proposed that, at the molecular level, the generation of catalytically active species and its chemical hardness could account for the polymerization activity.

 

Abstract:

Rare-earth metal complexes as a kind of polymerization catalyst usually show unique polymerization activity and selectivity and therefore afford various microstructures of the resulting polymers, not achievable via. transition metal analogues. Mechanism-based rational design of catalyst provides an attractive way towards new polymer materials with desired properties. In this context, theoretical calculations can help in many ways. Charactering catalytic active species, clarifying the mechanism behind experimental phenomenon, and dynamic modeling of polymerization process are just a few examples. With an increase in computer technology and more robust algorithms, computational chemistry has become a viable option for molecular studies in the field of polymer chemistry. In this talk, computational investigations on the molecular mechanism of polymerization catalyzed by rare-earth metal complexes will be introduced. The polymerization mechanisms of conjugated dienes, styrene, and 1-hexene will be covered in the presentation. Especially, the origins of experimentally observed regio- and stereo-selectivity as well as activity suggested by theoretical calculations will be discussed. The polymerization mechanism of lactone and vinyl polar monomers will be also included.

Biography:

Saul Sanchez has him expertise in preparation and characterization of polymer nanomaterials. He is a senior researcher at Applied Chemistry Research Center (CIQA) for more than 29 years. He received his PhD in Materials Engineering from the UANL in Mexico. He has published more than 70 technical papers, 6 patents and 3 books related with polymer material science, and has supervised more than 20 MSc and PhD thesis.        His research work at CIQA has been related most with: polymer processing, polymer nanocomposite materials, polymer functionalization and characterization.

Abstract:

Polyethylene / ethylene vinyl acetate films are prepared and characterized in the presence of three different organo-modified clays. Two organo-modified clays, C20A and I28E, with different type of surfactant, in terms of polarity and number of tallows, is analyzed. The influence of clay organo-modifier on film morphology, mechanical and photo-oxidative degradation performance is studied. As well as the effect of the incorporation of a maleic anhydride grafted Polyethylene (PEgMA) as compatibilizer. The combined effect of these clays with two different UV-oxidative protection systems for PE/EVA nanostructured films is evaluated. Two types of UV stabilizer combination systems is used. One, designed as MB-A with a heat and light stabilizers of blends of antioxidants (phenolic and metal deactivator, Irgatec NC66) with hindered amines, Tinuvin 494AR and other, designed as MB-B with blends of metal deactivator antioxidant, Irganox MD1024 with hindered amines Tinuvin NOR 371 and benzophenones, Chimasorb 81. A strong influence is observed in the use of compatibilizing agent, type and content of nanoclay in the degree of dispersion as well as in the photo-oxidation behavior. The structure obtained is very dependent on the modified clay used; mostly, intercalated-exfoliated structure is produced. These films can be an attractive option for agricultural greenhouse cover films since the clay enhance the greenhouse effect reducing the passage of infrared radiation from the soil during the night maintaining warmer the film covered atmosphere.

                                                                                                               

Figure: STEM images of: (a) PE/EVA/C20A  (b) PE/EVA/I28E   Figure: TGA of PE/EVA/Clay with two types of UV stabilizers    Figure: Elongation change with time of photo-oxidation

Biography:

Sara P. Magalhães da Silva has a Master in Chemical Engineering and she is a PhD student of Materials Science and Engineering at University of Aveiro, Portugal. Her field of research is related to the development and characterization of thermoplastic composites for injection molding applications; development of new materials formulations for additive manufacturing; lignocellulosic residues valorization. This work is part of her PhD thesis entitled “Cork-polymer composites – A sustainable solution in injection molding and additive manufacturing”.

 

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: An important stage of materials development is the validation of its mechanical performance prior to the manufacturing step. In composite materials, mechanical properties are highly dependent on the interaction between polymer matrix and the filler1-3. Cork-polymer composites (CPC) based on biodegradable matrices for fused filament fabrication (FFF) technique were prepared. FFF, an additive manufacturing (AM), is an extrusion-based technique, in which a thermoplastic filament is melted and selectively extruded via nozzle, deposited layer by layer4. Cork is the outer bark of Quercus Suber L. oak tree and possesses an unique combination of properties: low density, viscoelasticity, high recovery capacity after impact, among others5. Biodegradable polymers as neat polylactic acid (PLA) and PLA/Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) blend were used as matrices in composites formulation. The selection of an elastomeric blend, PLA/PHA, was based on the compatibility of the elastic behavior of cork and to print a more flexible product. In order to evaluate the adhesion between cork and the polymeric matrices, morphological, chemical and mechanical analyses were performed.

Methodology: CPC were prepared using cork powder residues from industrial stoppers production. Both PLA/PHA blend and CPC were prepared by melt compounding. Morphological analyses were made by scanning electron microscopy (SEM); chemical analyses by Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR); and, mechanical tests (tensile, flexural and impact).

Findings: Morphological and chemical analyses revealed a good adhesion of cork to the biodegradable matrices. When cork was incorporated in neat PLA, led to a more flexible material. Conclusion: The incorporation of cork powder residues into biodegradable matrices results on the development of sustainable green composites. AM techniques can add value to these green composites by employing them as filaments for FFF. Combining FFF with the unique cork properties and aesthetics, can potential new design freedom solutions and products.

Biography:

Padmaja Guggilla has completed her PhD from Alabama A&M University in 2007. She is presently working as Associate Professor of Physics at Alabama A&M University. She has published more than 45 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of reputed journals. She has secured over 2 million dollars of extramural funds as Principal Investigator in the last five years

Abstract:

There are numerous applications for the pyroelectric composite films in the medical field, military field and environmental applications field. The main focus of this research is to fabricate the higher efficiency thin films that are flexible like the polymers. PVDF is ideal when it comes to making detectors as they are flexible; possess high pyroelectric current and resistance, low dielectric constant and density. Pure PVDF and PVDF films doped with CNT and MWCNT, PVDF: LiTaO₃, PVDF:LiTaO₃ films doped with MWCNT thin films were fabricated using the solution casting technique. Evaluated the deposited films’ electrical, optical and structural properties using SEM, FTIR Spectroscopy, UV-Vis Spectroscopy, and Raman Spectrum. Results show that doping with CNT and MWCNT is enhancing the key characteristics that are beneficial for the optical devices industry.

Biography:

Usman Yaqoob received his B.Sc. from the School of Electronics Engineering, International Islamic University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan, in 2013. He is now working as a Ph.D. candidature in the School of Electrical Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, South Korea. His research interests include WO3, CNTs, graphene based flexible nanosensors and flexible piezoelectric nanogenerators.

Abstract:

Piezoelectric materials have attracted considerable attention due to their ability to scavenge electrical energy directly from ambient mechanical sources. The energy harvesting from these materials can be a promising way to phase out conventional batteries and power cables. Over the past few decades, considerable efforts have been made to develop a flexible piezoelectric material that possesses high dielectric constant and high breakdown strength by combining polymer-ceramic composites. However, high amount of ceramic filer (>50 vol%.) is required to obtain the maximum dielectric constant (k) from the composite material which can reduce the mechanical flexibility of the composite film. To address this matter, and for further enhancement in k value, a possible solution is to employ a conductive filler. The introduction of conductive filler will not only elevate the dielectric constant by forming several micro-capacitors inside the composite but will also assist in the stabilization of the polar beta (β) phase of the P(VDF-TrFE). The polar β phase of polymer is highly required to obtain maximum energy harvesting properties. Herein, we presents the synthesis and optimization of flexible piezoelectric materials based on poly(vinylidenefluoride)-reduced graphene oxide-barium titanate (PVDF-RGO-BTO) for its application in energy harvesting. To obtain the maximum dielectric constant, different compositions have been prepared by varying the reduced graphene oxide (RGO) contents in the PVDF-BTO nanocomposition. The sample with 5wt% RGO contents (PRB5) has revealed maximum dielectric constant of 170 at 1 kHz. Therefore, has been selected to fabricate the piezoelectric nanogenerator (PENG). The fabricated PENG exhibits maximum open circuit voltage of 4 V(pk-pk) and short-circuit current of 1.5 μA(pk-pk) at an applied force of 2N. Additionally, the maximum output power for the fabricated PENG was recorded around 3.8 μW at 1 MΩ load resistance. It was estimated that fabricated PENG can be a promising energy source for futuristic flexible electronics.